Understanding discourse as a set of arguments that help us to refer to a certain topic in time. Therefore it's a system of representation. The author also mentions that knowledge of things can be only achieve if they have a meaning and the discourse gives it to them, hence discourse generates knowledge.
“Strategies of relations of forces supporting and supported by types of knowledge”, this is the definition of apparatus by the author, and since knowledge is achieved by discourse, discourse is the source of power that is used to control the society (bodies).
Foucault, gives concept of a form of repression using civilized things. However, it is not an upside-down situation, but more of a circular one. Oppressor and oppressed. Despite this, the author considers power as a productive force not just a repressive one.
Foucault’s work impact on the traditional conception of the subject because it contradicts the premise that it is an individual, autonomous and stable, but he describes that discourse is how we produce knowledge “not who speak it”. To conclude Foucault defines that “the subject is produced within the discourse".
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